General science GK question answer || 300+MCQ || free PDF
26. What is the term for a large, steep-sided volcano formed by explosive eruptions?
a) Shield volcano
b) Stratovolcano
c) Cinder cone volcano
d) Lava dome
Answer: b) Stratovolcano
27. What is the name of the process that causes rocks to break down into smaller particles?
a) Erosion
b) Weathering
c) Sedimentation
d) Compaction
Answer: b) Weathering
28. What is the term for the underground layer of water-bearing rock or sediment?
a) Aquifer
b) Aqueduct
c) Artesian well
d) Water table
Answer: a) Aquifer
29. What is the term for a region of Earth's surface where tectonic plates meet and interact?
a) Rift zone
b) Convergent boundary
c) Divergent boundary
d) Plate boundary
Answer: d) Plate boundary
30. What type of soil is characterized by a high content of clay and poor drainage?
a) Sandy soil
b) Loamy soil
c) Silty soil
d) Clayey soil
Answer: d) Clayey soil
General science GK
31. What is the term for the layer of Earth’s mantle that behaves like a fluid and allows tectonic plates to move?
a) Asthenosphere
b) Lithosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Outer core
Answer: a) Asthenosphere
32. What is the term for the process by which wind, water, or ice transport soil and sediment from one location to another?
a) Erosion
b) Deposition
c) Transportation
d) Sedimentation
Answer: a) Erosion
33. What is the name of the process where rainwater dissolves minerals in rocks and carries them away?
a) Chemical weathering
b) Mechanical weathering
c) Biological weathering
d) Physical weathering
Answer: a) Chemical weathering
34. What type of seismic wave travels through the Earth's interior and is the fastest?
a) Surface waves
b) Primary waves (P-waves)
c) Secondary waves (S-waves)
d) Rayleigh waves
Answer: b) Primary waves (P-waves)
35. What is the term for the gradual wearing away of Earth's surface by natural forces?
a) Erosion
b) Sedimentation
c) Compaction
d) Uplift
Answer: a) Erosion
36. What is the term for the boundary where two tectonic plates collide or push against each other?
a) Transform boundary
b) Divergent boundary
c) Convergent boundary
d) Rift boundary
Answer: c) Convergent boundary
37. What is the name of the process by which magma rises to the surface and solidifies into rock?
a) Volcanism
b) Eruption
c) Melting
d) Crystallization
Answer: a) Volcanism
38. What is the term for the central, molten part of Earth’s core?
a) Outer core
b) Inner core
c) Mantle
d) Crust
Answer: b) Inner core
39. What type of rock is formed from high-pressure and high-temperature conditions?
a) Sedimentary
b) Igneous
c) Metamorphic
d) Organic
Answer: c) Metamorphic
40. What is the term for the shallow, underwater part of the continental margin?
a) Abyssal plain
b) Continental shelf
c) Mid-ocean ridge
d) Ocean trench
Answer: b) Continental shelf
General science GK
41. What is the term for the process of sediment being compacted and cemented into rock?
a) Lithification
b) Erosion
c) Weathering
d) Metamorphism
Answer: a) Lithification
42. What is the term for the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake?
a) Epicenter
b) Hypocenter
c) Focus
d) Fault line
Answer: a) Epicenter
43. What type of volcano is characterized by steep slopes and explosive eruptions?
a) Shield volcano
b) Stratovolcano
c) Cinder cone volcano
d) Lava dome
Answer: b) Stratovolcano
44. What is the term for the movement of tectonic plates away from each other?
a) Subduction
b) Convergence
c) Divergence
d) Transformation
Answer: c) Divergence
45. What is the name of the scale used to measure the intensity of volcanic eruptions?
a) Richter scale
b) Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)
c) Beaufort scale
d) Mohs scale
Answer: b) Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)
46. What type of rock is formed from the accumulation and compression of organic material?
a) Igneous
b) Metamorphic
c) Sedimentary
d) Volcanic
Answer: c) Sedimentary
47. What is the term for a deep, steep-sided valley formed by erosion?
a) Canyon
b) Ridge
c) Plateau
d) Plain
Answer: a) Canyon
48. What type of glacier is found in polar regions and covers a large area of land?
a) Valley glacier
b) Alpine glacier
c) Ice cap
d) Cirque glacier
Answer: c) Ice cap
49. What is the name of the geological process that involves the folding and faulting of Earth's crust?
a) Tectonism
b) Volcanism
c) Erosion
d) Sedimentation
Answer: a) Tectonism
50. What is the term for the layer of soil that contains organic material and is often darker in color?
a) Horizon
b) Topsoil
c) Subsoil
d) Bedrock
Answer: b) Topsoil
General science GK
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